Technical Description of an Electric fan (Unit four)

 Technical Description of an Electrical Fan

An electrical fan is an electrical appliance used for circulating the air of the room. In the tropical countries like India it is an essential appliance for homes especially in the summer season.

There are two kinds of fans in use (i) ceiling fan and (ii) pedestal fan

Ceiling Fan

A ceiling fan is made of metallic blades tightened on a round electric induction motor connected to a suspension rod hooked with the ceiling of the room. The suspension rod has plastic covers at its both ends to hide the wiring and condenser. The electric motor moves on getting the electric current and moves the blades along with it. The tilted blades cut through the air and circulate it in the room. In other words, the whole assembly works like an air screw. The on-off switch and speed control of this fan are provided on the switch board of the room.



Pedestal fan

A pedestal fan is very similar to a ceiling fan. The difference is that it is not suspended with the ceiling but it stands on its pedestal. The fan with small pedestal is also known as table fan because you can put this fan on the table and enjoy the cool breeze. It too has an electric motor which moves the tilted blades. But it has smaller blades and its blades are covered with a wire mesh for protection. This fan may be fitted with the wall also and then it is known as cabin fan. This fan also comes with a long pedestal which can be put on the ground. The on-off switch and speed control of the fan are provided on the pedestal itself.



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Besides the above description, if students think it right, they can write the following version of technical description of electric fan. Both are good. The following version uses more technical vocabulary.

Technical Description of an Electric Fan

An electric fan is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to move air. It uses a motor—typically an induction or BLDC motor—that operates on the principle of electromagnetism to create a rotating magnetic field. This rotation turns the rotor shaft connected to angled blades. As the blades spin, they push air forward, increasing circulation and providing cooling through the process of evaporation.
Core Components and Their Functions
• Motor: Converts electrical energy into rotational mechanical energy through electromagnetism.
• Stator and Coils: The stationary part of the motor that produces a magnetic field when current passes through the coils.
• Rotor: The rotating component that responds to the magnetic field and turns the fan blades.
• Blades (Impeller): Angled vanes attached to the rotor that move air when rotated.
• Power Source: Supplies electrical energy, usually alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC).
• Housing/Guard: A protective casing that prevents accidental contact with moving parts.
• Oscillation Mechanism: A gear system (in table or pedestal fans) that allows the fan head to move from side to side, distributing air over a wider area.
Types of Electric Motors Used
• Induction Motor: Commonly used in traditional fans; it employs electromagnets to generate a rotating magnetic field.
• Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor: Used in modern, energy-efficient fans; it uses permanent magnets and electronic control for smooth, quiet, and low-power operation.

A Pedestal Electric Fan

When we want to use a portable electric fan, we use a pedestal fan. A pedestal fan is a portable, free-standing type of electric fan mounted on a vertical adjustable stand. It has a circular fan head containing the motor, blades, and guard, which is attached to the top of the stand. The height of the stand can be adjusted to direct airflow at different levels. 
Most pedestal fans are equipped with an oscillation mechanism, enabling the fan head to move horizontally and distribute air over a large area. Powered by either an induction or BLDC motor, a pedestal fan is commonly used in homes, offices, and workshops for spot cooling and ventilation.

Methodology of Technical Description

Technical Description of an Air Cooler

 Technical Description B.Tech First Year Unit 4 


Location: Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India

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